L.S.A. (Link State Advertisement) are messages communicated in the OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) domain to other routers through multicast. They are sent from internal routers to the D.R. (Designated Router) or the B.D.R. (Backup D.R.) to announce the changes. The role of the DR is to provide a central point for exchanging OSPF information among several routers on the same broadcast ...
Net Neutrality is the idea that internet service providers such as Reliance Jio and Indian Airtel should treat all content streaming through their cables and mobile towers equally. This means they should not be able to move some data into fast lanes while blocking or otherwise discriminating against other data. In other words, these businesses should not be able ...
The IEEE 802.11 standard specifies the structure and specifications for wireless local area networks (WLANs). For LAN device connectivity, WLAN or WiFi uses high-frequency radio waves rather than cables. Within the network coverage region, users connected via WLANs can roam about. The MAC layer provides the capability for various tasks, such as controlling medium access, and can also ...
Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) and Wi-Fi Protected Access2 (WPA2) are security networks. They are used to protect the network that is connected to Wi-Fi networks. WPA was developed in 2003 and then the more secure version was developed in 2004 named WPA2. Wi-Fi Alliance has developed the WPA for providing more sophisticated data encryption and better authentication ...
A hub in a computer network is a basic networking device that connects multiple devices in a local area network (LAN). Unlike more advanced devices like switches or routers, hubs in computer network operate at the physical layer and simply broadcast incoming data to all connected devices, regardless of the intended recipient. This can lead to inefficient ...
Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) is a network protocol. EIGRP protocol allows the routers for transmitting information in a more efficient way than earlier network protocols. EIGRP protocol is the enhancement of the IGRP protocol and it uses the same distance vector algorithm and distance information as used by the IGRP protocol. Introduction to Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol ...
UART protocol is used for serial communication and two wires are used for communication in this protocol. The transmission speed and data format are defined before the communication in the UART protocol. And data is transmitted in the form of packets. Basics of UART Protocol UART protocol stands for Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter protocol. And ...
Web technology encompasses all tools, protocols, and languages used to create, deliver, and interact with content on the internet. It includes HTML, CSS, JavaScript for frontend development, alongside server-side technologies like PHP, Python, databases, and communication protocols like HTTP. Web Technology Web technology refers to the collection of tools, protocols, languages, and methodologies that enable ...
The transport layer is one of the seven OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model layers, which manages end-to-end communication in computer networks. It sits above the network layer and below the session layer and manages end-to-end communication between devices in a network. What is the transport layer? The transport layer in computer networks is a crucial ...
The Two Generals’ Problem, also known as the Two Generals’ Paradox or the Two Generals’ Dilemma, is a thought experiment and a famous problem in computer science and distributed systems. While it is not particular to TCP (Transfer Control Protocol), it is a notion that pertains to the issues of reliable communication in distributed systems, ...