In OSI suite, there are 7 layers and all layers provide different services. Today we are here with detailed information on one of the layers i.e. transport layer which provides process-to-process communication in OSI suite. Transport Layer in Computer Networks is an end-to-end layer that is used to deliver messages to a host. In OSI model, the transport layer ...
Message Switching is a connectionless network switching approach in which the complete message is routed from the sender node to the receiver node one hop at a time. It was a forerunner to packet switching. Message switching served as an adequate replacement for circuit switching before the development of packet switching. The first applications of ...
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) protocol is the standard mechanism for “sending and receiving the electronic mails via the internet”. SMTP is a set of guidelines that enables users to exchange information. The actual mail transfer is carried out through the message transfer agent i.e. a system should have the client MTA(Mail Transfer Agent) to send mail and it should ...
TCP establishes a secure and reliable connection between two devices. This is possible because of the TCP’s 3-way handshake process, which occurs when two devices establish and close connections. There are three steps to both establishing and closing the connection, as the name implies. So, in this article, we’ll go through the TCP 3-way handshake process ...
Most broadband routers and other wireless access points contain an optional capability known as MAC address filtering, sometimes known as hardware address filtering. It increases security by limiting the devices that can connect to a network. MAC address filtering adds an additional layer of security by comparing the device’s MAC address to a list of ...
Circuit switching is a type of network configuration in which a physical path is acquired and set aside specifically for the purpose of connecting two endpoints in a network for the duration of a dedicated connection. Circuit switching is employed by typical voice phone services. Using different network devices, Packet switching divides data into smaller units called packets or blocks and transmits them across ...
If you are reading this article, you are most likely connected to the internet and viewing it at the Scaler Topics. Likely, you are currently utilizing Network Address Translation (NAT). More people now use the internet than ever anticipated, leading to the situation where the number of unique IP addresses provided by the IPv4, i.e.i.e.,232232 or 4,294,967,2964,294,967,296, is not enough. Network ...
Voice over Internet Protocol(VoIP) is a way of transmitting voice and multimedia over a network. VoIP enables users to place voice calls via their computer, smartphone, other mobile devices, dedicated VoIP phones, and WebRTC-capable browsers. VoIP is a technology that benefits consumers and businesses because it typically includes features not available on traditional phone services. ...
When the IP system was first introduced, finding a network and sending data to it was easier because the number of users on the internet was limited. As the number of users on the internet is increasing, sending a data packet to the computer you want in a network is becoming quite difficult these days. When a ...
Hubs and switches, both integral to networking, differ significantly in how they manage data traffic. Hubs simply broadcast data to all connected devices, leading to potential network congestion and inefficiency. In contrast, switches are smarter, forwarding data only to the specific device it’s intended for, improving network speed, and reducing unnecessary traffic. This fundamental difference ...