Heap Data Structure is a special case of balanced binary tree data structure where the root-node key is compared with its children and arranged accordingly. Min-Heap − Where the value of the root node is less than or equal to either of its children. Max-Heap − Where the value of the root node is greater ...
Array is defined as an ordered set of similar data items. All the data items of an array are stored in consecutive memory locations in RAM. The elements of an array are of same data type and each item can be accessed using the same name. Takeaways What is Array in Data Structure? An array is a data ...
A stack in data structure, following the Last In First Out (LIFO) principle, is a crucial linear data structure for sequential task completion. Imagine entering a crowded elevator last and exiting first; this mirrors stack behavior. Understanding this, we’ll explore the formal definition of a stack data structure in C++. Some Key Points Related to ...
Data structures and algorithms form the backbone of computer science, enabling efficient problem-solving and optimization of software applications. Data structures organize and store data, while algorithms provide step-by-step procedures for solving computational problems. Together, they empower programmers to create efficient and scalable solutions, making them fundamental concepts for anyone delving into the world of programming and ...
The Knuth-Morris-Pratt (KMP) algorithm revolutionized string matching by achieving linear time complexity, denoted as O(n). Introduced in 1970 by Knuth, Morris, and Pratt, this algorithm efficiently identifies patterns within text by employing a ‘Prefix Table,’ alternatively known as the LPS (Longest Proper Prefix which is also Suffix) Table. Unlike traditional methods, KMP avoids redundant comparisons, ...
A tree data structure organizes data hierarchically, comprising nodes connected by edges. The root stands atop, branching out to child nodes, each potentially having its own sub-nodes, creating a recursive pattern. In contrast, linear structures like arrays, linked lists, stacks, and queues arrange elements sequentially. The choice between these structures hinges on several factors. Firstly, the nature ...
A Doubly Linked List enhances the standard Linked List by allowing bidirectional navigation. Each node points to both the next and the previous node, enabling efficient forward and backward traversal. This structure contrasts with Single Linked Lists, where movement is restricted to one direction, making it challenging to access previous elements without iterating from the start. What ...
What is Priority Queue? A priority queue serves as a specialized data structure where elements are organized based on their priority values, ensuring that higher-priority items are processed before lower-priority ones. This organization enables efficient retrieval of the most critical elements. Various implementations, such as arrays, linked lists, heaps, or binary search trees, offer different ...
Counting Sort Algorithm is a sorting algorithm that works best when you have a small range of numbers to sort. Instead of comparing elements like in other sorting methods, it counts how many times each number appears and then puts them in order based on that count. This makes it really fast when the range ...
A graph can be defined as group of vertices and edges that are used to connect these vertices. In data structure, a graph G=(V,E) is a collection of sets V and E where V and E are the collections of vertices and edges respectively. An edge is a line or arc connecting 2 vertices and it is denoted by a pair (i,j) where i,j belong to a set of vertices V. Let’s see types ...